Derived data types in C Programming Language

Derived data types are based on fundamental data types, i.e. a derived data type is represented in the memory as a fundamental data type. Some of the derived data types with their storage requirements are,

short int
long int
double float

standard Input - Output Function in C Programming Language

The C environment assumes that the standard input device, the standard output device and the standard error device are always linked to the environment. For standard input-output operations, the C environment uses stdin, stdout, and stderr as references for accessing the devices.

The C language, as such, does not provide for any input-output operations as part of the language in the standard C library along with other functions. These input and output functions may be used by any programmer.

Any input or output operation takes place as a stream of characters. The standard input-output functions may be dealt with under character-based input-output functions and under string-based input-output functions.

The standard input-output functions are buffered, i.e, each device has an associated buffer through which any input or output operation takes place. After an input operation from the standard input device, care must be taken to clear the standard input buffer lest the previous contents of the buffer interfere with subsequent input operations. The output buffer is cleared only if a newline character is used, or if an input function is used or the buffer is explicitly cleared.